Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2003)

Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2003)

	British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2003)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 25% (male 891; female 851) 15-64 years: 64.7% (male 2,306; female 2,210) 65 years and over: 10.3% (male 310; female 408) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports	1 (2001)	2 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate	-	14.62 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
Capital	-	Saint-Pierre
Climate	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline	698 km	120 km
Constitution	-	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency	-	euro (EUR)
Death rate	-	6.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London	self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	39.08 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military	42.03 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues	NA	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Ethnic groups	-	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates	-	euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.0626 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports	-	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners	-	US 33.3%, Zambia 30.3%, Ecuador 16.2%, France 5.1%, Canada 4%, Spain 4% (2002)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $74 million - supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	6 00 S, 71 30 E	46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility	vegetation scanty
Highways	total: NA km paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners	-	Zambia 61.5%, France 21.8%, Canada 13% (2002)
Independence	-	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 7.97 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation	-	FZ, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	-	3,261 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation	-	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: NEGL permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	French (official)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch	-	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 78.11 years male: 75.82 years female: 80.51 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location	Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references	Political Map of the World	North America
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016	defense is the responsibility of France
National holiday	-	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	-	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Natural hazards	NA	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	coconuts, fish, sugarcane	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	-	-4.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2002 est.)	6,976 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	0.3% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Diego Garcia	Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	NA	-
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)	mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate	-	2.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	9.8% (1997)
Waterways	none	none

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